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Profitable, Complementary and Powerful Winter
Canola Acreage
will increase up to 4 times, Canola Plots.
At Hugoton.
Storm Ursa, Discoveries. SRS, Hybrids, Thio-sul. MGPA.
From GJS.
A quick update on our TKI, KSU, Exactrix, McClure, Rubisco winter
canola project a Hugoton.
Harvest is yet to be completed at Goodland.
Goodland Kansas harvest will start later than planned about July
17th.
The large scale test at Hugoton is a success,
most of the dryland Canola was headed for 40 bushels per
acre. The irrigated was in the 80 to 100 bushel per acre range if
the residue was removed with fire or tillage following irrigated
wheat or Triticale.
Storm of the Century, Ursa was the “Three Horse Evener”,
the dryland and irrigated came in all about or close to the
same, about 28 bushels per acre on the
irrigated, dryland 18 to 25 bushels per
acre.
“No matter how hard the horse pulled the other two horses had to
share the load.”
April 28 to May 7, covering the 4 week
blooming crop with 15 inches of snow cover at 30 to 32 degrees F did
a lot of damage over 7 to 10 days, just
the shading and shock was enough, let alone the broken stems and the
loss of the biological life of the Winter Canola canopy.
April 28th 17, Barry Hittle, Mercedes, Just before Late Winter
Storm Ursa hit. Irrigation Center Pivot of Mercedes Winter Canola,
Headed for 100 bushel yields and showing full potential. The unusual
freezing storm reduced the yields to 28 bushels per acre.
May 2, Snow Trap with tall Hornet Winter Canola at the Hittle,
Irrigated site.
The crop was about 55 to 65 inches tall. Planted on September 9,
2016.
“We had a few breakout discoveries “.
Number 1. Hybrids have the most resilience.
Number 2. SRS has great potential, to lower risk (viable
stands at low seed costs) and increase yield potential,
Number 3. Planters are superior and
one plant every 4 to 5 inches with residue removed in a wide 8 inch
strip is about right on 20 and 30 inch spacing. Planting at 40,000
to 60,000 hybrid population is good place to start on 20 and 30 inch
using SRS.
Number 4. It is important to not use RR canola unless the
grassy weed problem dominates the decision to plant winter Canola.
Number 5. Fall insecticides are
important.
Number 6. Growth Regulators appear
to be effective.
Number 7. TAPPS and TAPPKS with
complete micros Zn, B, Cu, Fe, Mn works better than any other
approach and fall banding may be considered in side dress
Number 8. In irrigation, Heavy
residue, Winter Wheat or Triticale residue must be removed in the
row area using naked strip tillage, leaving standing stubble for
winter snow trap and protection.
-------Dryland Winter Wheat yields in Joel’s area were very low at 7
to 15 bushels per acre and some 2 year summer fallow yields that
made 40 bushels per acre….it would take 40 to 50 bushel dryland
winter wheat to compete with his Canola yields.
--------At Hugoton a chance for a restart
and use all we have learned to get into the 80 to 100 bushel per
acre range and fertilize high rates of P…up to 40 to 60 lbs. P per
acre to move the Winter Canola maturity ahead about 10 days.
----------The sulfur rate is critical at about 8 to 12 gallons per
acre based on the Goodland ADM premium, Thio-Sul is a good
economical way to reach high oil content Winter Canola.
Joel McClure comments about Winter Canola.
He prefers to work with the pivots since the dryland has no
insurance, but Joel might be willing to try a few high quality
dryland acres with ample stored soil moisture, (flexcrop or
Chemfallow).
In Joel’s area dryland canola has no winter canola crop insurance
available. Insurance is possible with producers like Joel
McClure. Joel beat insurance as compared to Lohn, Texas which has
insurance in the 20 bushel per acre range, or 1,000 lbs.
Probably for Joel’s best efforts in developing Winter Canola,
irrigation is the path of least resistance due to insurance and
banking as this will stand true for others in the area.
Plus Joel may not have enough acres in dryland that are really
qualified with stored soil moisture since Winter Canola must have at
least 3 to 4 feet of stored soil moisture for a good fall start.
Winter Canola also uses more water than corn. The advantage of
Winter Canola is the water need comes in much different period…
Milo may out compete for the dryland acres or in a 3 year
rotation with one year of set aside for Canola. This full 1 year
fallow technique is used in the the PNW…Winter Canola and Dwarf
Essex following winter wheat Chemfallow dryland, Peas or Oats could
be considered for cover.
The additional yield punch of the Winter Canola rotation is 10%
higher yields in wheat….and we suspect the same for Corn and Milo.
The SRS is 50 to 65 gallons per acre on 20 inch spacing. 3 to 5
gallons of MGPA could be considered in the application with SRS, 3
to 5 gallons of Thio-sul could be considered with 50 gallons per
acre SRS.
Note that of 5 or 6 varieties tried the best variety was Rubisco,
Hornet under these tough conditions. Hybrids are the best choice.
Shatter was a problem with Mercedes. Open Pollinated varieties are
not vigorous under cold and snow stress. DeKalb and Pioneer are not
as strong as the European varieties from Rubisco.
European varieties such as Quartz are also showing good come back
strength. Shatter is a major consideration of Quartz. Direct cutting
is as good or better than swathing.
No-Tillage, Deep Banding, TAPPS Mustang Fall banding….Late Fall
Banding needs to be implemented …. to avoid any crown damage that
can occur in the side dress spring application.
October to November fall banding in side dressing mode looks like it
might work…but the practice may not fit the workload.
Critical to Winter Canola, residue will need to be removed from
the row area, naked strip till is probably the best way to get
the snow trap and the most stored soil moisture such as Greg
Sederstrom practice at Goodland, KS.
Note:
This is a very strange year at Hugoton. A 100 year storm in late
April and early May….keep that in mind…a 15 to 22 inch snow storm
that killed 20,000 cows and left the SW Kansas of the Great Plains
in frozen state for 10 days with no power and only tractors to get
to town, April 28 to May 7. There is some real value and hard earned
lessons that will be utilized in 2018.
Stem Breakage.
Mercedes headed for 100 bushels per acre and then Winter Storm
Ursa hit about 8:00 PM April 28, 17.
The rebound, the excellent Winter Canola
Plant lodged and damaged with heavy snow load and poor light for 10
days.
The shadowing of the crop at 30 degrees F in full bloom.
Lack of light at very cold temperatures in full bloom results in a
new start or a second crop.
False fill.
Poor quality canola seed resulted from stem damage and poor
light.
Hybrid Vigor is expressive when stress is applied.
May 23, Mercedes, Multiple branching and second story of the
Winter Canola Crop restarting after April 28th Ursa effect reviewed.
Replanting of early planted corn was common in the area.
Check the Calendar.
Do the cell towers still work?
Saturday Morning looked a little different, April 29,
2017.
A most unusual storm with 20,000 dead cattle, “Ursa, storm of the
century.“
SRS Seed Row Saturation. Up to 50 to 65 gallons per acre.
Changes the chances of raising Winter Canola,
reduces risk and raises yield potential.
“Take what you have and do better with it.”
Joel McClure at Hugoton, KS. June 7, 2017.
Preparing for the next chapter in high yield Winter Canola,
Sunflower and Soybean.
The problem is, The water is for free but application really
costs about $2.00 acre to assure a 99% stand.
SRS lowers Seed Costs. Allows a good strong plant every 4 to 5
inches.
The water is too low cost, too simple, and my fertilizer dealer did
not get to sell it. There is no market maker.
So it is important to apply something else with the seed row
saturation water to support the fertilizer dealers so they will
spread the word.
That is how it works in the USA. If only the farmer benefits it
cannot be a good product. A disruptive business practice/product
from Exactrix. JD Skiles Trailer, about
$25,000 with 3,000 gallons of water. Applying about 50 gallons per
acre to 65 gallons per acre.
Too simple to work.
Quick removal for inspection of the Exactrix Dual tubes and quick
settings. Hillside orientation maybe different than shown.
Dual tubes required in flows above 30 gallon per acre, and in
hillside.
Paying attention to good winter canola stands can mean big
benefits in following crops such as wheat, corn, milo and soybeans.
Typically yields jump 10% and can be much greater if there are
significant problems resulting from lack of a 3 or 4 year rotation.
Goodland roots go deep.
Just before dormancy, during the late fall or winter seasons,
producers need to single disc band or apply 65 lbs. N as NH3. Winter
Canola requires Ammonium(NH3) only for maximum hardiness.
The 65 lb. per acre N as NH3 rate is very close to optimum nitrogen
rate on irrigated production. A dryland rate of 35 to 45 lbs. N per
acre as NH3is a good economic rate.
The Exactrix TAPPS formulation includes 10 to 20 lbs. Por
10-34-0 as Ammonium Poly Phosphate and 20 to 30 lbs. Sas Thio-sul®,
12-0-0-26S. Micros must be applied with the APP/ATS mix in a
homogenous blend using Ammoniated Zinc, Cu and a very small amount
of boron (ounces). Potassium Thio-Sulfate or KTS can also
considered.
High sulfur input is required to build an oil content of 44%.
Boron and Copper are important for the reproductive stage.
Note: Do not over-apply primary nutrients or micro nutrients as the
Winter Canola crop root system is highly exploratory and does not
require much help from commercial fertilizer.
Double Crop, It is Possible to let the Winter Canola Volunteer or
come back from seed lost at harvest, and then after 60 days,
green chop the crop for the local dairies in August/September.
Following green chop harvest, No-till seed
winter wheat in late September and band
TAPPS with single disc Mustang openers after the winter wheat crop
is up.
Winter Canola reduces disease pressure on following crops.
A three year rotation would be Corn, Winter Wheat, Winter Canola.
The Winter Canola is a good soil fumigant shifting the disease
spectrum and allowing up to 10% yield increases in winter and spring
wheat and undocumented yield increases in dryland and irrigated
corn.
Follow a three year rotation to maintain a high quality disease free
seed bed for Winter Canola. Another good 3 year rotation would be
Winter Canola and green chop volunteer canola, Corn, late seeded
Winter Wheat. This is a powerful rotation that frees up the workload
in the spring with 2/3 of the irrigated acres in winter crop
production.
1. In dryland production, Winter Wheat, Winter Canola,
Milo. Allowing 2/3 of the production in winter crops.
2. Another technique to consider to lower the dryland risk during
low commodity prices would be Winter Canola, Winter Wheat, Milo and
Full year Chemfallow/Oats cover crop. This would allow ¾ of system
producing cash flow and ¼ of the system producing a flywheel effect
in moisture storage and less risk in low commodity prices.
3. In dryland production, Winter Canola, Winter Wheat/Stripper
Header, Full year Chemfallow with optional Cover Crop Oats. All
crops are winter crops operating with a 1/3 reserve of moisture
storage. Utilizing stored soil moisture to establish the winter
Canola in August/September.
Always consider 7 inch deep banding into the growing crop, with the
Mustang P-51C TAPPS banding option. “Today and for the modern
times of commodity crop production, band TAPPS into growing crops,
it is time proven economically functional. “, GJS.
At Goodland, KS, the Winter Canola stand looks pretty good, but
will it make it through the winter of 2016/2017?
No-tillage and Strip Tillage cropping with Mustang openers and TAPPS
and Strip till 30, TAPPS.
Oct. 19, 16, A Wednesday. Goodland Kansas. About 1.5 mile south of
I-70 in deep soils of Goodland, KS.
Seed provider, Rubisco, Mercedes variety
of Winter Canola. Planted at a population from 100,00 to 300,000 in
30 inch rows. Inclusive pictures will explain.
Orthman 12 row strip till tool bar in front of the planter moving
heavy winter wheat residue.
Deere1710 NT Planter with RRV meters, 90 cell.
A winter hardening growth regulator and fungicide applied about 2
days earlier. The Winter Canola leaves show a dull surface rather
than the typical shinny surface.
An acceptable learning curve. There was operator error or mechanical
trouble with the planter hitting the population.
Strip tilled and planted in heavy Winter Wheat in residue. The
no-till winter wheat yields were very good and in the mid 90’s
bushels per acre.
Estimate 8,000 to 10,000 lbs. of winter wheat residue per acre.
Winter wheat, corn rotation, irrigated production at the elevation
of 3,681 feet at 39.3 degrees North. Considered one of the best crop
production areas in western Kansas.
The pre-plant preparation is a 30 inch strip tillage seed bed
with no nutrients applied.
Nutrients yet to be applied using TAPPS with a Single Disc Mustang
Tool Bar. Timing nutrients closer to the dormant period or in the
dormant period.
Higher than normal temperatures during the fall establishment.
The crowns have reset back to the surface as the taproot expands.
The crown reset is occurring most effectively in low population
rows.
The high population rows will probably winter kill due to high
competition and poor crown set.
Single Disc Banding of TAPPS is delayed until the crop is
dormant.
The crop must not be lush. Only Ammonium is used.
TAPPS and TAPPKTS banding is critical to winter survival year in and
year out.
Tri-Ammonium Poly Phosphate Sulfate with low cost Ammoniated
Zinc. Total 100% ammonium nutrition at 1% CV of application and
crystallization.
Soils proved that Winter Canola pulled most of the nitrate and
ammonium out of the soil profile over the winter.
Powerful injection of Penicillium Balaii and K-mag coming this
summer in establishing better Winter Canola root systems early and
later.
Winter Canola nutrients are most effectively applied between
November to middle February. Banding TAPPS into the growing crop
allows highest nutrient efficiency.
TAPPS and TAPPKTS provides the most immediate nutrient uptake in the
root zone. Ammonium is immediately available to the growing roots
when band at the 7 inch depth in vermiculated bands.
Application Uniformity of NH3 and Liquid Ammonium Poly Phosphate,
and Ammonium Thio-Sulfate or Thio-Sul® is 1% CV.
Micro-nutrients such as Ammoniated Zinc, Copper and Boron can also
be applied in the liquid streaming flow band.
The unique and proprietary advantage of Anhydrous Ammonia and
Snow. Both low cost and natural inputs are totally synergistic
in improving crop yields by providing ammonium nutrition to the
growing roots of the crop as the snow melts and perks into the soil.
The Winter Canola roots will grow under the Snow Pack with ammonium
nutrition, and Winter Canola prefers Ammonium, not urea and not
nitrate. Canola prefers Ammonium combined with low cost Poly
Phosphate and Thio-sul®.
Facing West at Goodland a fantastic management technique implemented
to save moisture and produce and even soil perk of the melting snow
.
A superior example of standing stubble producing additional
winter protection from the north winds.
A high population row stands out with a different color.
Strip till seems very appropriate in the high residue production of
Canola, takes the load off of the Planter row cleaners. No nutrients
are applied with the strip till tool bar.
Several different approaches have been taken across Kansas and
Colorado. In no-till, strip till and even mini till. Row spacings
from 10, 15, 20, twin row 15 and 30 inch.
Good Crown Set of Winter Canola, Rubisco, Mercedes.
No Growth regulator here.
North of the pivot position at the outside tower next to the road,
no fungicide and growth regulator, .25 acres.
Let the volunteer wheat grow. Select® herbicide can be spring
applied.
Judge the crop at dormancy break in late March.
TAPPS nutrients are applied at just above freezing temperatures from
November to Feb. 2015.
The November period is preferred for Exactrix® TAPPS when the
ground temperature reaches 35 to 40 degrees.
There is very little chance of leaching nitrogen and the
winter canola taproots have reached the2 to 3 foot level
and the fibrous roots have developed.
How Winter Canola Roots Grow On The Great Plains.
Winter Canola has two root system types. Rubisco Hybrid Winter
Canola, Hornet.
Big Canola Crowns with 4 to 5 inch plant spacing, about 1. 125 to
1.25 inches width of the taproot crown.
The Winer Canola Crown is the headquarters of plant survival.
Healthy and non-split crowns mean vascular movement of nutrients and
survival to -15 degrees F.
A heavy duty multi tool cuts the crown
open to reveal and strong vascular system.
Consistent layers of plant stored energy are exposed.
This definitely is a prosperous and happy WC plant.
This is actually marginal timing as the plant is elongating and has
broken dormancy.
The application of TAPPS nutrients were timed very late but more
than adequate.
March banding should be avoided as less damage will occur to crowns
at the field lands.
A taproot that operates in the 15 to 20 inch zone stores
nutrients and grows through the winter.
Fibrous Roots that reach to the side about 20 inches and go deep
to 8 to 9 feet if the soil moisture allows.
Soil pits help to understand the tap root and the fibrous root of
Winter Canola.
Two root systems, and two different starts. A nitrate harvester,
the crop removed most of the soil stored nitrate.
Late February at Hugoton, KS, High Speed, 12 mph, Banding TAPPS
and TAPPKS with micro nutrients, Zn ,B, Mn, Fe, Cu .
Avoid running over the crowns. Do not split the crowns open with the
tractor tires in late winter banding.
Consider splitting the workload for banding TAPPS, 2/3 in the
November period and 1/3 for the late winter period.
Banding should start in October, November and continue through
February on the Great Plains.
Guy J Swanson
Your Great Plains Reporter.
“Making Legendary Changes on the Great Plains”
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