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13 April 2023
Aqua Ammonia Not Always A Good Choice
For Power.
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A non viable
study.
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Only Anhydrous
Ammonia should be considered in the study due to safety,
transportability and better fuel choices for storage. A better
choice at a Fuel Stop is Anhydrous Ammonia at 160 Kilos H2 per ton.
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We have known for
years that Anhydrous Ammonia reduces exhaust temperature….much like
propane at a blend of about 20% to 30% without engine damage.
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Aqua Ammonia,
Ammonium Hydroxide as various blends should never be considered
viable for a diesel engine dual fuel as it is much more dangerous
than Anhydrous Ammonia as proven in agriculture.
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Aqua Ammonia is an
exercise in hauling water…at 7.5 to 8 pounds per gallon. Ammonia is
known to be 5.14 lbs. per gallon at 60 degrees F and stored to keep
well.
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Aqua Ammonia is
not a fuel choice due to concentration variations in storage of 15%
to 22%. It can be useful in Power Plants.
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Non Viable
Research.
Comments from Guy J
Swanson.
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Study on effects of ammonia-diesel
blends in CI engines
17 April 2023
An international team
from the Middle East has investigated the characteristics of diesel
engines powered by petroleum diesel fuel blended with different
volumetric percentages of aqueous ammonia. A paper on their
findings—including useful literature background on combustion of
diesel/gasoline and ammonia—is published in the journal Fuel.
The researchers used Diesel-RK modeling
and simulation software—developed at Bauman
Moscow State Technical University—in their analysis of
three volumetric blends of ammonia along with diesel: 40% NH4OH + 60%
Diesel; 50% NH4OH + 50%
diesel; and 60% NH4OH + 40%
diesel. The numerical analysis is based on a multizone combustion
model. In the zone-based approach, the governing equations for each
zone are solved as open systems.
In the simulations,
the team used a constant engine speed of 1500 RPM, an injection
pressure of 160 bar, and 20° BTDC injection timing. The compression
ratio was kept constant at 15.5.
The results show that
adding ammonia solutions decreases combustion pressure and heat
release and increases Sauter mean diameter (a representation of the
mean diameter of a collection of particles) and ignition delay.
The researchers found
that generally the use of aqueous ammonia drops engine performance
regardless of the percentage of NH4OH
used. Since 40%, 50%, and 60% of NH4OH
have lower heating values than diesel, BSFC is reduced by 7.15, 10.4%,
and 15.38%, respectively.
Because the addition
of ammonia reduces combustion temperature significantly, a noticeable
reduction in NOx emissions
was achieved, reaching up to 61.75% in the case of 60% NH4OH.
The results highlighted a reduction in soot emissions (43.4% for 40%
NH4OH,
51.04% for 50% NH4OH,
and 49% for 60% NH4OH)
because the diesel was replaced with a no-carbon fuel, hence the
engine produced less smoke compared to with the baseline case (pure
diesel).
Resources
·
Mohamed F. Al-Dawody,
Wisam Al-Obaidi, Emad D. Aboud, Mohammed A. Abdulwahid, Khaled Al-Farhany,
Wasim Jamshed, Mohamed R. Eid, Zehba Raizah, Amjad Iqbal (2023)
“Mechanical engineering advantages of a dual fuel diesel engine
powered by diesel and aqueous ammonia blends,” Fuel, Volume
346, doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2023.128398
Posted on 17 April
2023 in Ammonia, Diesel, Engines, Fuels | Permalink | Comments
(1)
Comments
ICE's are turning
into Rube Goldberg machines with diminishing returns.
Posted by: GdB | 17
April 2023 at 12:25 PM
Green Play Ammonia™, Yielder® NFuel Energy.
Spokane, Washington. 99212
509 995 1879
Cell, Pacific Time Zone.
General office:
509-254
6854
4501 East Trent
Ave.
Spokane, WA 99212
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